Why the TN-C-S earthing is a bad thing in 21st century This setup will relay nurse call lamps and a Pfeifton across the site. It uses 1970s construction for a good reason...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kZ027QOtQA
(the noise is a pager transmitter signal)
the electric supply is TN-C-S (PME, where protective earth and neutral are combined)
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those two cables are undersized for a modern install but only UKPN can alter them and they charge a lot of money for that.
TN-C-S makes it easier for the Electric Company as they can use cable without a metal cover; but it has the disadvantage of any diverted neutral current from unbalance three phase loads + all the high frequency interference modern power supplies send down functional earth is thereby radiated in a loop via the neutral throughout the whole building.
Even worse, differences in earth potential between the PEN conductor and the building metalwork permit stray electric to flow throughout the site (including radio interference). It is not dangerous (that would trip the RCD) but a nuisance as there is enough electricity to upset sensitive systems like computer networks which only use a couple of volts.
I had to read the lot of it - a cahier is a French exercise book or engineers notebook (they are however of superior quality to those handed out at school in Britain and used well into adulthood).
There is no equivalent version in English.
OK it is not unreasonable the Professeur would write in his own language although the Soviet Union is blamed for introducing TN-C-S to Europe and China. I am not too sure about that as France and the Soviets worked on non military tech throughout the 1970s (they did to be fair invent a superior colour TV system to the rest of Europe); and TN-C-S/PME appeared suddenly around 1978 in areas of the London, Eastern, Southern and South Eastern Electricity boards which all shared engineering ideas with France...
I disconnected the -27V accu supply from the lamp panel; and turned out all the lights to my office/workshop upstairs. The other end of the lamps are still connected to the main building earth. if I touch the (disconnected) accu supply which normally feeds the lamps; the stray current lights the LEDs! It is not a lot and might not be DC (most likely a combination of rough harmonics) but just shows how much rubbish gets into a TN-C-S system. This is also why I use 1970s era German standard relays; as they need at least 30mA to pull in (stray electric would have put off the RCD before then)
Apologies for the shaky video; I had to do this late at night and quickly before the nurses wondered why all the lights were out upstairs and I caused a panic as theyd probably think I had managed to get myself sparked from 230V...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PKfEmOyFsxE
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